The author
Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi'i (150–204 AH) was born in Gaza, raised in Makkah, studied under Imam Malik in Madinah and under the companions of Abu Hanifa in Iraq, then settled in Egypt where his mature positions were recorded.
Scholar Books Library
الأم
Al-Umm
Imam al-Shafi'i · d. 204 AH · Shafi'i · Fiqh
8 volumes · Book of Purification through Book of Judgeship
Introduction
How it came about
Al-Umm gathers the dictations of his Egyptian period, transmitted primarily by his student al-Rabi' ibn Sulayman al-Muradi, and represents the 'new' school (al-madhhab al-jadid) that superseded his earlier Iraqi rulings.
Method and structure
Each question is argued from Quran, Sunnah, consensus and analogy in that order, often in dialogue form against an unnamed opponent, with the evidence quoted before the ruling is stated.
Standing in the school
It is the foundational text of the Shafi'i school and the earliest complete work of substantive law that also displays a fully articulated legal theory in practice.
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